Islam and Judaism - ("Shebeṭ Yehudah," p. 3, gives the correct date as 4872 [= 1112]). Upon the death of Abdallah, 'Abd al-Mu'min took the leadership and endeavored with sword and brand to exterminate the Almoravides as political and religious enemies. In North Africa he won victory after victory. In the same year in which the Second Crusade brought new distress to the German Jews, 'Abd al-'Mu'min passed over to southern Spain in order to wrest that country from the Almoravides. He conquered Cordova (1148), Seville, Lucena, Montilla, Aguilar, and Baena, and within a year the whole of Andalusia was in the possession of the Almohades. As in Africa, so in Spain, the Jews were forced to accept the Islamic faith; the conquerors confiscated their property and took their wives and children, many of whom.
Acrylonitrile - Can be absorbed through skin. Repeated exposures cause sensitization. Eyes Severe irritation, pain and blurred vision. More info Hazardous Chemical Database SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used. Disclaimer and references Acrylonitrile (CH2=CH-C≡N), is a pungent smelling, extremely flammable organic liquid. It is also known as cyanoethylene or vinyl cyanide. Its IUPAC name is 2-Propenenitrile. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Uses 2 Production 3 Safety Uses Acrylonitrile is used principally as a precursor in the manufacture of synthetic polymers, especially acrylic fibers, nylon, and synthetic rubber. Small amounts are also used as a fumigant. Production Most industrial acrylonitrile is produced through the Sohio process, the catalytic ammoxidation of propylene: CH3-CH=CH2 + NH3 + 1.5 O2 → CH2=CH-C≡N + 3 H2O World annual production in 2001.
Sonoluminescence - Sonoluminescence Sonoluminescence is the emission of short bursts of light from imploding bubbles in a liquid when excited by sound. The effect was first discovered at the University of Cologne in 1934 as a result of work on sonar. Interest in the topic rose again when an inner temperature of such a bubble well above one million degrees Celsius was postulated, making it a possible source for nuclear fusion energy. A major breakthrough occurred when Gaitan et al. were able to produce single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL), in which a single bubble, trapped in a standing acoustic wave, emits light with each pulsation. This development allowed the systematic study of the phenomenon, because it allowed the isolation of the effects of just one bubble, rather than the complex environment of many bubbles..
Phelsuma - novorum ab ill. Dr. Christ Rutenberg in insula Madagascar collectorum. Zool. Anz. Leipzig 4: 46-48. Boettger, O. (1881 b). Reliquiae Rutenbergiana II: Reptilien und Amphibien. Abl. bremer naturwiss. Ver. Bremen 7: 177-190. Boettger, O. (1881 c) Die Reptilien und Amphibien von Madagaskar. Dritten Nachtrag Abh. senck. naturfors. Gesellschaft 12: 435-558. Boettger, O. (1893). Katalog der Reptilien Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. I. Teil Frankfurt a/M.Gesellschaft 12: 435-558. Boettger, O. (1894). Diagnose eines Geckos und Chameleons aus Südmadagascar. Zool. Anzeiger (Leipzig) 17: 137-140. Boettger, O. (1913). Reptilien und Amphibien von Madagaskar, den Inseln und dem Festland Ostafrikas (Sammlung Voeltzkow 1889-1895 und 1903-1905) in: Voeltzkow, A. 1908-1917, Reise in Ostafrika. Stuttgart 3: 269-375. Böhme, W. & Meier, H. (1981) Eine neue form der madagascariensis-Gruppe der Gattung Phelsuma.
Photometry (optics) - in physics, optics, and illuminating engineering for the measurement of quantities associated with light. This article is about units and quantities of light. People sometimes ask why there need to be so many different units of light measurement, or ask for conversions between units that can't be converted (lumens and candlepower, for example). We are familiar with the idea that the adjective "heavy" can refer to weight or density, which are fundamentally different things. Similarly, the adjective "bright" can refer to a lamp which delivers a high luminous flux (measured in lumens), or to a lamp which concentrates the luminous flux it has into a very narrow beam( candlepower). Because of the ways in light can propagate through three-dimensional space, spread out, become concentrated, reflect off shiny or matte surfaces, and.
List of physics topics R-Z - Reines, Frederik Renormalization Resistance Resolution of the identity Resonance Rest mass Reynolds, Osbourne Reynolds number Ricci tensor Richardson, Owen Willans Richardson, Robert C Richardson number Richter, Burton Richtmyer-Meshkov Riemann, Bernhard Riemannian geometry Riemannian manifold Ring wave guide Robertson, Howard Percy Rohrer, Heinrich Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad Rosen, Nathan Rotation Rotation group Rotation operator Rotational invariance Rubbia, Carlo Ruska, Ernst Rutherford cross section Rutherford scattering Rutherford, Ernest Rydberg, Johannes Ryle, Sir Martin S Sakharov, Andrei Dmitrievich Salam, Abdus Felix Savart Scalar Scalar field Scanning tunneling microscope Scattering Schawlow, Arthur Leonard Schrieffer, John Robert Schrödinger equation Schrödinger's cat Schrödinger, Erwin Schwartz, Melvin Schwarzschild, Karl Schwarzschild metric Schwarzschild radius Schwinger, Julian Science Science (journal) Scientific method Scientific journal Scientific paper Scientific revolution Screened Coulomb potential Second Superstring Revolution Segrè, Emilio Gino Self-adjoint operator Semiconductor Semiconductor.
Ultraviolet - Ultraviolet Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength shorter than that of visible light, but longer than that of soft X-rays. The name means "beyond violet" (from Latin ultra, "beyond"), violet being the color of the shortest wavelength of visible light. It is colloquially called black light, as it is invisible to the human eye. UV itself can be subdivided into near UV (380-200 nm wavelength) and extreme or vacuum UV (200-10 nm). When considering the effects of UV radiation on human health, the range of UV wavelengths is often subdivided into UV-A (380-315 nm), UV-B (315-280 nm), and UV-C (280-10 nm). See 1 E-7 m for a list of objects of comparable sizes. The sun emits ultraviolet light in both the UV-A and.
Huldrych Zwingli - and his M.A. in 1506, teaching meanwhile in the school of St. Martin's Church. In 1506 he became pastor at Glarus, where he remained for ten years. 2. Initial Doubts Zwingli soon evinced his capacity as a preacher, denouncing the evils of the time, the chief of these, to his patriotic mind, being the hiring out of the Swiss to any one other than the pope as mercenaries, an occupation whichoften resulted in their moral ruin. Because some of his congregation were carrying on this traffic, his opposition made his position so uncomfortable that he was glad to accept a call to Einsiedeln, only a few miles away, and the chief place of pilgrimage for Switzerland, South Germany, and Alsace. There he met many prominent men, and clarified his thinking on.
Circular dichroism - as the differential absorption of left and right hand circularly polarized light: CD = (CL - CR). In general, this kind of phenomenon will be exhibited by any optically active molecule. As a consequence, circular dichroism is exhibited by biological molecules, because of the dextrorotary (sugars) and levulorotary (amino acids) molecules they contain. Noteworthy as well is that secondary structure will also impart a distinct CD absorption to their respective molecules. Therefore, the alpha helix of proteins and the double helix of nucleic acids will have a CD signature representative of their structure. The ultraviolet CD of proteins can predict their secondary structure. At the quantum mechanical level, the information content of circular dichroism and optical rotation are identical. See also: optical rotation optical activity optical isomerism magnetic_circular_dichroism dichroic.
The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne - the world of adventure. Episodes ;1-01 In the Beginning:guest starring David Warner and Rick Overton ;1-02 Queen Victoria and the Giant Mole:guest starring Tracy Scoggins ;1-03 Rockets of the Dead:guest starring Patrick Duffy ;1-04 The Cardinal's Design:guest starring John Rhys-Davies and Rene Auberjonois ;1-05 The Cardinal's Revenge:guest starring John Rhys-Davies and Rene Auberjonois ;1-06 The Eyes of Lazarus:guest starring Michael Moriarty and Margot Kidder ;1-07 Lord of Air and Darkness:guest starring Sonia Vigneault and Rick Overton ;1-08 Southern Comfort:guest starring Larissa Laskin, Sonia Vigneault and Rick Overton ;1-09 Let There Be Light:guest starring Michael Yarmush ;1-10 The Ballad of Steeley Joe ;1-11 The Black Glove of Melchizedek:guest starring Kim Chan ;1-12 Dust to Dust:guest starring Pascale Bussieres ;1-13 The Golem ;1-14 Crusader in the Crypt ;1-15 The Strange Death of Professor.
Harakat ul-Mujahidin - Harakat ul-Mujahidin Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HUM) (previously Harakat al-Ansar), the HUM is an Islamic militant group based in Pakistan that operates primarily in Kashmir. Long-time leader of the group, Fazlur Rehman Khalil, in mid-February 2000 stepped down as HUM emir, turning the reins over to the popular Kashmiri commander and his second-in-command, Farooq Kashmiri. Khalil assumed the position of HUM Secretary General. The group has conducted a number of operations against Indian troops and civilian targets in Kashmir. Linked to the Kashmiri militant group al-Faran that kidnapped five Western tourists in Kashmir in July 1995; one was killed in August 1995 and the other four reportedly were killed in December of the same year. The new millennium brought significant developments for Pakistani militant groups, particularly the HUM. Most.
Ardulfurataini Watan - Fajru-l-kadihin Ya Rihab Al-majd Udna Min Jadid Ummatun Nabni Bi Azmin La Yalim Wa Shahidun Yaqatfi Khatwa Shahid. Shatuna-l-jabbar Zahwun Wantilaq Wa Qila Al-izzi Yebniba Al-rifag Dumta Lil-urbi Malathan Ya Iraq Wa Shumusan Tajalu-l-layla Sabaha. English Translation A home land that extended its wings over the horizon, And wore the glory of civilization as a garment - Blessed be the land of the two rivers, A homeland of glorious determination and tolerance. This homeland is made of flame and splendour And pride unequalled by the high heavens. It is a mountain that rises above the tops of the world And a plain that embodies our pride. Babylon is inherent in us and Assyria is ours, And because of the glory of our background History itself radiates with light, And it is.
Formation evaluation - is complicated by the impossibility of directly examining the formation. It is, in short, the problem of looking at the formation indirectly. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Formation evaluation tools 1.1 Coring 1.2 Mud logging 1.3 Wireline logging 1.4 Electric Logs 1.5 Porosity Logs 1.6 Lithology Logs - SP and Gamma Ray 2 Interpreting the Tools Formation evaluation tools Tools to detect oil and gas have been evolving for over a century. The simplest and most direct tool is well cuttings examination. Some older oilmen ground the cuttings between their teeth and tasted to see if crude oil was present. Today, a wellsite geologist or mudlogger uses a low powered stereoscopic microscope to determine the lithology of the formation being drilled and to estimate porosity and possible oil staining. A portable.
Kristian Birkeland - cathode rays on magnets. An example of one of his experiments is depicted on the left front of the bank note. It shows a magnetized terrella, simulating the Earth, suspended in an evacuated box. Birkeland noticed that an electron beam directed toward the terrella was guided toward the magnetic poles and produced rings of light around the poles and concluded that the aurora could be produced in a similar way. He developed a theory in which energetic electrons were ejected from sunspots on the solar surface, directed to the Earth, and guided to the Earth's polar regions by the geomagnetic field where they produced the visible aurora. The scale of Birkeland's research enterprises was such that the time-honored matter of funding became an overwhelming obstacle. Recognizing that technological invention could bring.
Jewish principles of faith - The Written Torah is composed of 5 books known by their Greek names as - Genesis, Exodous, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. They chronicle the history of the Hebrews and also contain the commandments that Jews are to follow. Rabbinic Judaism holds that the Torah is the same one that was given to Moses by God on Mount Sinai. Maimonides explains: "We do not know exactly how the Torah was transmitted to Moses. But when it was transmitted, Moses merely wrote it down like a secretary taking dictation....[Thus] every verse in the Torah is equally holy, as they all originate from God, and are all part of God's Torah, which is perfect, holy and true." Today, fundamentalist and Orthodox Jews believe that the current Torah available today is no different from what.
Jumpstart 3rd-6th Grade - to be able to let his own conscience overide his programing. For example, it is aganist Botley's programing to reveal the existance of the Time Machine, but he reveals it the user under the circumstances that Polly is about to send the world out of control. Polly Species: Human Gender: Female Polly Spark is similar to Angelica Pickles from the Rugrats, both in physical appearence and attitude, perhaps because one of the writers (Doria Biddle) also writes episodes for Rugrats. The game desingers went to every extant to not leave Polly with one redeeming quiatliy. Polly calls Botley names such as, "Snotley," "Potley," or "Dotley." It seems Polly is most concerned with her image and blames other for her short commings. Though Polly atempts to destroy the world in Jumpstart 3rd.
Victor Cousin - suivi d'un essai de traduction des deux premiers times; in 1836, Cours de philosophie professe a la faculte des lettres pendant I'annee 1818, and Å’vres inedits a Abelard. This Cours de philosophie appeared later in 1854 as Du vrai, du beau, et du bien. From 1825 to 1840 appeared Cours de I'histoire de la philosophic, in 1829 Manuel de I'histoire de la philosophic de Tennemann, translated from the German. In 1840-1841 we have Cours d'histoire de la philosophic morale au XVIII' siècle (5 vols.). In 1841 appeared his edition of the (Å’vres philosophiques de Maine-de-Biran; in 1842, Lessons de philosophie sur Kant (Eng. trans. AG Henderson, 1854), and in the same year Des Pensées de Pascal. The Nouveaux fragments were gathered together and republished in 1847. Later, in 1859, appeared Petri.
History of Israel - same day, the Arabs announced their rejection of the Partition Plan. Shortly after, Syrian, Iraqi, and Egyptian troops invaded Israel. Israel successfully repelled the armies, and then advanced its forces to occupy most of the territory set aside under the Partition Plan for the Arabs and for the City of Jerusalem. A cease fire agreement was signed between the two sides, with the current front line becoming the boundary between Israel and the Arab territories. As a result of the 1948 war, Israel controlled all the territory allotted to them under the Partition Plan, much of the territory allotted to the Arabs under the Plan, and half of what was to be the UN-administered City of Jerusalem. The remaining Arab territories were the West Bank and the Gaza Strip; the West.
Galileo probe - built the Galileo Spacecraft and managed the Galileo mission for NASA. Germany supplied the propulsion module. NASA's Ames Research Center managed the probe, which was built by Hughes Aircraft Company. At launch, the spacecraft and probe together had a mass of almost 2,700 kilograms and was seven meters tall. One section of the spacecraft rotated at 3 rpm, keeping Galileo stable and holding six instruments that gathered data from many different directions, including the fields and particles instruments. The other section of the spacecraft held steady for cameras and the four instruments that had to point accurately while Galileo was flying through space. Scientific instruments to measure fields and particles, together with the main antenna, the power supply, the propulsion module, most of the computers and control electronics, were mounted on the.
Government of the United States - Reclamation manages scarce water resources in the semiarid western United States. The department regulates mining in the United States, assesses mineral resources, and has major responsibility for protecting and conserving the trust resources of American Indian and Alaska Native tribes. Internationally, the department coordinates federal policy in the territories of the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, and oversees funding for development in the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and Palau. Department of Justice The United States Department of Justice represents the U.S. government in legal matters and courts of law, and renders legal advice and opinions upon request to the president and to the heads of the executive departments. The Justice Department is headed by the attorney general of the United States, the.
